2012年11月6日星期二

Gann interview


William D. Gann -
An Operator Whose Science and Ability Place Him in the Front Rank His Remarkable Predictions and Trading Records

(Reprinted From an Article of The Ticker and Investment Digest Featuring W.D. Gann dated December, 1909)

Sometime ago the attention of this magazine was attracted by certain long pull Stock Market predictions which were being made by William D. Gann. In a large number of cases Mr. Gann gave us, in advance, the exact points at which certain stocks and commodities would sell, together with prices close to the then prevailing figures which would not be touched.

For instance, when the New York Central was 131 he predicted that it would sell at 145 before 129. So repeatedly did his figures prove to be accurate, and so different did his work appear from that of any expert whose methods we had examined, that we set about to investigate Mr. Gann and his way of figuring out these predictions, as well as the particular use which he was making of them in the market.

The results of this investigation are remarkable in many ways.

It appears to be a fact Mr. W. D. Gann has developed an entirely new idea as to the principles governing stock market movements. He bases his operations upon certain natural laws which, though existing since the world began, have only in recent years been subjected to the will of man and added to the list of so-called modern discoveries. We have asked Mr. Gann for an outline of his work, and have secured some remarkable evidence as to the results obtained there from.

We submit this in full recognition of the fact that in Wall Street a man with a new idea, an idea which violates the traditions and encourages a scientific view of the Proposition, is not usually welcomed by the majority, for the reason that he stimulates thought and research. These activities the said majority abhors.

W. D. Gann's description of his experience and methods is given herewith. It should be read with recognition of the established fact that Mr. Gann's predictions have proved correct in a large majority of instances.


"For the past ten years I have devoted my entire time and attention to the speculative markets. Like many others, I lost thousands of dollars and experienced the usual ups and downs incidental to the novice who enters the market without preparatory knowledge of the subject."

"I soon began to realize that all successful men, whether Lawyers, Doctors or Scientists, devoted years of time to the study and investigation of their particular pursuit or profession before attempting to make any money out of it."

"Being in the Brokerage business myself and handling large accounts, I had opportunities seldom afforded the ordinary man for studying the cause of success and failure in the speculations of others. I found that over ninety percent of the traders who go into the market without knowledge or study usually lose in the end."

"I soon began to note the periodical recurrence of the rise and fall in stocks and commodities. This led me to conclude that natural law was the basis of market movements. I then decided to devote ten years of my life to the study of natural law as applicable to the speculative markets and to devote my best energies toward making speculation a profitable profession. After exhaustive researches and investigations of the known sciences, I discovered that the law of vibration enabled me to accurately determine the exact points at which stocks or commodities should rise and fall within a given time."

The working out of this law determines the cause and predicts the effect long before the street is aware of either. Most speculators can testify to the fact that it is looking at the effect and ignoring the cause that has produced their losses.

"It is impossible here to give an adequate idea of the law of vibrations as I apply it to the markets. However, the layman may be able to grasp some of the principles when I state that the law of vibration is the fundamental law upon which wireless telegraphy, wireless telephone and phonographs are based. Without the existence of this law the above inventions would have been impossible."

"In order to test the efficiency of my idea I have not only put in years of labor in the regular way, but I spent nine months working night and day in the Astor Library in New York and in the British Museum of London, going over the records of stock transactions as far back as 1820. I have incidentally examined the manipulations of Jay Gould, Daniel Drew, Commodore Vanderbilt & all other important manipulators from that time to the present day. I have examined every quotation of Union Pacific prior to & from the time of E. H. Harriman; Mr. Harriman's was the most masterly. The figures show that, whether unconsciously or not, Mr. Harriman worked strictly in accordance with natural law."

"In going over the history of markets and the great mass of related statistics, it soon becomes apparent that certain laws govern the changes and variations in the value of stocks, and that there exists a periodic or cyclic law which is at the back of all these movements. Observation has shown that there are regular periods of intense activity on the Exchange followed by periods of inactivity."

Mr. Henry Hall in his recent book devoted much space to "Cycles of Prosperity and Depression," which he found recurring at regular intervals of time.  

The law which I have applied will not only give these long cycles or swings, but the daily and even hourly movements of stocks. By knowing the exact vibration of each individual stock I am able to determine at what point each will receive support and at what point the greatest resistance is to be met.

"Those in close touch with the market have noticed the phenomena of ebb and flow, or rise and fall, in the value of stocks. At certain times a stock will become intensely active, large transactions being made in it; at other times this same stock will become practically stationary or inactive with a very small volume of sales. I have found that the law of vibration governs and controls these conditions. I have also found that certain phases of this law govern the rise in a stock and an entirely different rule operates on the decline."

"While Union Pacific and other railroad stocks which made their high prices in August were declining, United States Steel Common was steadily advancing. The law of vibration was at work, sending a particular stock on the upward trend whilst others were trending downward."

"I have found that in the stock itself exists its harmonic or inharmonious relationship to the driving power or force behind it. The secret of all its activity is therefore apparent. By my method I can determine the vibration of each stock and also, by taking certain time values into consideration, I can, in the majority of cases, tell exactly what the stock will do under given conditions."


"The power to determine the trend of the market is due to my knowledge of the characteristics of each individual stock and a certain grouping of different stocks under their proper rates of vibration. Stocks are like electrons, atoms and molecules, which hold persistently to their own individuality in response to the fundamental law of vibration. Science teaches that 'an original impulse of any kind finally resolves itself into a periodic or rhythmical motion; also, just as the pendulum returns again in its swing, just as the moon returns in its orbit, just as the advancing year over brings the rose of spring, so do the properties of the elements periodically recur as the weight of the atoms rises."

"From my extensive investigations, studies and applied tests, I find that not only do the various stocks vibrate, but that the driving forces controlling the stocks are also in a state of vibration. These vibratory forces can only be known by the movements they generate on the stocks and their values in the market. Since all great swings or movements of the market are cyclic, they act in accordance with periodic law."

"Science has laid down the principle that the properties of an element are a periodic function of its atomic weight. A famous scientist has stated that 'we are brought to the conviction that diversity in phenomenal nature in its different kingdoms is most intimately associated with numerical relationship. The numbers are not intermixed accidentally but are subject to regular periodicity. The changes and developments are seen to be in many cases as somewhat odd."

Thus, I affirm every class of phenomena, whether in nature or on the stock market, must be subject to the universal law of causation and harmony. Every effect must have an adequate cause.

"If we wish to avert failure in speculation we must deal with causes. Everything in existence is based on exact proportion and perfect relationship. There is no chance in nature, because mathematical principles of the highest order lie at the foundation of all things. Faraday said, "There is nothing in the universe but mathematical points of force."

"Vibration is fundamental: nothing is exempt from this law. It is universal, therefore applicable to every class of phenomena on the globe."


Through the law of vibration every stock in the market moves in its own distinctive sphere of activities, as to intensity, volume and direction; all the essential qualities of its evolution are characterized in its own rate of vibration. Stocks, like atoms, are really centres of energy; therefore, they are controlled mathematically. Stocks create their own field of action and power: power to attract and repel, which principle explains why certain stocks at times lead the market and 'turn dead’ at other times. Thus, to speculate scientifically it is absolutely necessary to follow natural law.

"After years of patient study I have proven to my entire satisfaction, as well as demonstrated to others, that vibration explains every possible phase and condition of the market."

2012年8月10日星期五

index vs yield

























Your Complete Guide To The Coming Fiscal Cliff

All you need to know about the fiscal cliff which will savage the US economy in under 5 months, unless Congress finds a way to compromise at a time when animosity and polarization in congress is the worst it has ever been in history.

Key dates:


The cliff in graphics:


The cliff in numbers:


The players:

And a Q&A from Goldman with its DC political economist Alec Phillips:
What is the “fiscal cliff”?
Alec: It’s the unhappy coincidence of about $600bn in tax increases and spending cuts that come about on January 1, 2013. Last year, we started calling this the “fiscal cliff.” On the tax side, the most significant policies are the income tax cuts enacted in 2001 and 2003, and the payroll tax cut that has been in place for the last two years. The spending cut comes mainly from the “sequester,” with a smaller effect from the expiration of expanded unemployment benefits.
What do you mean by the “sequester”?
Alec: When Congress raised the debt limit last year, the bill it passed included over $2 trillion over ten years in projected spending cuts, from capping annual spending bills and a flat $109bn per year cut in spending known as the “sequester” that would take effect if a deficit reduction “super committee” failed to agree on $1.2trn in savings. The super committee failed, so now the sequester is scheduled to cut spending at the start of 2013, applied equally to defense and domestic spending.
How does the debt limit fit in?
Alec: It’s indirectly related to the fiscal cliff, since Congress will need to address it either at the end of this year or early next year. The debt limit is a legal cap on the amount of debt the Treasury can issue—it currently stands at $16.4 trillion—and covers publicly held debt as well as debt in the Medicare and Social Security trust funds. We think the limit will become binding on the Treasury by February 2013, though hopefully Congress will raise it when they deal with the fiscal cliff at year end.
What happens if the debt limit isn’t raised?
Alec: The Treasury brings in about $200bn each month, but pays out about $300bn, so it would be able to pay most but not all  of its bills, with missed payments going into arrears. For some areas a sort of “first in first out” system might make sense, but it  seems likely that the Treasury would prioritize interest payments.
What would be vulnerable to cuts in this situation?
Alec: Payments to federal employees, contractors, and health providers under Medicare would probably see effects right away. States, which receive hundreds of billions per year in federal grants, could also see a reduction in revenues. Social Security and other types of payments would probably also be delayed.
What are the key dates ahead for these issues?
Alec: The House recently voted to extend the 2001/2003 tax cuts in their entirety, and the Senate voted to extend the tax cuts on income under $250,000. Spending authority will need to be extended for the coming fiscal year before the current one ends on Sep. 30, but that looks fairly likely to happen without too much controversy. The election on November 6 will be the next key  date, after which Congress is expected to come back and deal with the fiscal cliff, but any resolution most likely won’t occur until the end of December. If there is no resolution by then, Congress may come back early in 2013 and address it retroactively. We expect to hit the debt limit in February, which is around the same time that the semiannual interest payment on Treasury debt is due (see Page 3).
Will the election influence how this gets resolved?
Alec: Yes. Overall, the Republican position is to extend all of the income tax cuts and to avoid the defense cuts. Most Democrats prefer avoiding defense and non-defense cuts, and would like tax revenues to replace some of the lost savings from doing so.  They also oppose extending the income tax cuts on upper incomes.
Will the election influence when this gets resolved?
Alec: Probably, but it’s not clear in which way. A clear-cut election victory by either party could hasten an agreement, while a close election could lead to a more protracted debate. On the other hand, if one party—the Republicans, for example—were to gain control of Congress and the White House, they might opt to delay action until they gain control 2013 if they can’t win concessions in 2012. A status-quo election outcome—i.e., the President wins reelection and the Democrats hold the Senate—might make an agreement in the lame duck session of Congress more likely. Of course, there is no clear-cut answer in any of these scenarios.
Will the fiscal cliff happen?
Alec: It’s not our central expectation. We assume that Congress will act in the lame-duck session after the election to  extend most of the current policies until sometime in 2013. A three-to-six-months extension would allow them to address the debt limit and provide some time to come up with a longer-term fiscal plan that may involve tax reform and/or entitlement (Social Security/ Medicare) reform. The only part of the fiscal cliff that we expect to take effect at year end is the expiration of the payroll tax cut (because there seems to be broad agreement that this will eventually need to expire), along with continued phase down of emergency unemployment benefits.
What are other scenarios and their probabilities?
Alec: You have two general scenarios, one is that they extend the policies past the end of the year and the other is that they  don’t. We think the odds that the fiscal cliff is allowed to take effect at the end of the year are probably about one in three. If that happened, Congress would probably step back in 2013 and reverse some of it, though even a temporary lapse could be disruptive for markets and the real economy. A long-term agreement before year end (i.e., longer than a full year) seems to be the least likely outcome.
Will the debate be cleaner or messier than last year?
Alec: Messier. First, the issue is just bigger. Last year, we just had the debt limit, whereas this year we have that same threat plus the fiscal cliff. Also, in order to resolve the issue last year Congress was able to agree to lower overall spending levels withoutspecifying where those cuts would come from. Now that those “easy” savings have been used, the options left are more specific spending cuts or tax increases that are more politically painful. Also, some politicians may find it advantageous to let the tax cuts expire, which would enable them to come back next year and enact tax relief on a smaller scale than exists currently. Even though it would lead to an overall increase in revenues, this would allow them to cast a vote to cut taxes next year (once rates have increased) rather than a vote to raise them this year.
What is the economic impact of your base case?
Alec: We assume a drag on GDP growth from fiscal policy of about 1.5% in 2013, due to the expiration of the payroll tax cut along with some smaller factors. Even if Congress extended everything, we think that federal fiscal policy would still weigh slightly on growth, particularly since federal spending is slowing.
What would the impact be of falling off the cliff?
Alec: If Congress took no action, we estimate around a 4% hit to GDP growth in 2013. If you assume an underlying trend of around 2.5%, that is likely to put the economy into recession. There might be some mitigating factors: Consumers might initially tap savings or borrow and not all of the federal spending cuts would kick in on day one. It is also possible that some business investment or hiring has already been delayed and could restart once the uncertainty has passed. But overall, letting these policies lapse all at once would be a very negative outcome. Of course, a short lapse that the new Congress quickly addresses in January would do less damage to the economy, though damage to policy credibility and markets might still be significant.
What is the Fed’s role here, if any?
Alec: In our base case we already assume that the Fed is going to ease policy in September, with renewed balance sheet  expansion late this year or early in 2013. If we fall off the cliff in a more significant way, then the likelihood of easing and the  magnitude of this easing would go up. But the Fed can’t offset a fiscal contraction of the size we’re talking about.
What sectors would be most impacted?
Alec: Defense and healthcare are the most obvious sectors, because they have relatively large shares of revenue from the Federal government, and they are also two places that the sequester is scheduled to hit hard at the end of the year if Congress doesn’t act. The cut to defense spending in particular would be almost certainly greater than 10% and may be closer to 20%. The fiscal cliff would also hit consumers’ disposable income, which is an important distinction with last year’s debt debate, in which most of the policy discussions were confined to a narrow set of industries and had little direct impact on consumers.
How concerned is the market about these issues?
Alec: To assess this, you can look at a basket of stocks that our colleagues in equity research have put together, which tracks
companies with large shares of government-related revenue. This index dropped very significantly on a relative basis to the S&Pabout a month ahead of the debt limit last year and it never fully recovered. We are starting to see some of that again this year, but the magnitude is obviously not the same so far. The other area where you would expect to see it is in consumer  onfidence and we have seen some weaker confidence numbers recently, though, again, nothing like we saw around the debt limit last year.
Allison: Will the market react sooner this time?
Alec: Potentially, but it’s unclear. Last year we saw a clear reaction to the debt limit debate only about a month before the deadline. One would imagine the reaction this year would come further in advance of the event, since it’s a bigger issue and also because there are plenty of people who were caught off guard by last year’s developments and might be more proactive this time. That said, my sense is that many in the market are withholding judgment until the election happens, because it’s just so hard to predict before then how all of this will be resolved. That could mean a sharper reaction post-election, depending on the situation.
Will the US be downgraded again this year?
Alec: Probably not. It wouldn’t make much sense for the rating agencies to take a strong view on fiscal sustainability just ahead of the election and resolution of the fiscal cliff. They have implied as much in their recent commentary. That said, I believe the risk of a downgrade reemerges again next year, depending on how these fiscal issues are resolved. If a longer-term fiscal agreement either doesn’t happen next year and Congress continues with a sort of muddle-through approach, or if the agreement is just not as substantial as some would expect it to be—i.e., they aren’t able to stabilize the projected debt/GDP ratio by later in the decade—then a downgrade seems possible.
Will this series of events ultimately serve as a positive catalyst for longer-term fiscal reform?
Alec: Hopefully. The good news is that both parties seem optimistic that tax reform will be enacted next year. If it happens, it could also allow for entitlement reform. The bad news is that they need to bridge fundamental disagreements to get there. They are also working from a smaller segment of the budget—neither party appears comfortable with significant cuts to Social Security or Medicare in the next decade, and they disagree on how to handle taxes and some other areas of the budget. That doesn’t  leave a lot of areas of the budget to work with to achieve savings.
Source: GS

2012年8月8日星期三

On This Day In 2016

For a presidential election taking place when the US debt/GDP has for the first time in 70 years crossed above 100%, in which over 50 million Americans collect food stamps and disability, in which M2 just crossed $10 trillion, in which total US debt is about to pass $16 trillion, and when total nonfarm employees in America (133,235,000) are the same as they were in April of 2005, it is quite surprising that economics has not taken on a more decisive role in the electoral debate.

But while both candidates may, for their own particular reasons, not want to bring up the slow motion trainwreck that is the US economy now, in 4 years whoever is running for president will not be so lucky, because as the US debt clock shows, assuming current rates of progression, things are about to get far, far worse.

To wit, this is how America will look like in 2016:
  • Total US debt: $22.2 trillion (an increase of over $6 trillion from today)
  • Total debt per US taxpayer: $180,000
  • Debt to GDP: 130% (30% higher than today)
  • Food stamp recipients: 50 million
  • M2: $14.3 trillion (an increase of over $4 trillion from today)
and:
  • Total US Unfunded liabilities of $147 trillion (or $1.2 million per taxpayer)
  • $950 trillion in currency and credit derivatives, margined courtesy of TBTF banks' cash deposits (forget about the return of Glass-Steagall. Ever). That's in the US alone, which means roughly $2 quadrillion worldwide.
Actually, if those numbers do pan out, there very well may not be a presidential election in 2016. So enjoy this one. It may be the last one for quite a while.

A Primer To Intraday Market Moves

While we have looked in the past at the incredible dominance of FOMC days when it comes to stock market performance, recent intraday performance of the major equity indices has had a somewhat repetitive and rhythmic structure. We know volumes surge, pause, and surge; Tradestation has dug one step deeper into the actual performance structure intraday and found some fascinating trends. From the extremely clear final-hour ramp to the oscillating bull-bear opening moves (and the European close positive bias) across almost 30 years of price behavior in bull and bear markets. The afternoons dominate market performance in bull markets and the morning session dominates the weakness in bear markets - so fade the opening rally, buy the dip, cover half into Europe, hope into the close appears the 'empirical route of least resistance' - for now.



 


Active traders make their livelihood in the charts of the intraday session, scanning the markets for recognizable patterns that are persistent and profitable over time. However, the intraday session is influenced by numerous factors. For example, trading activity has been known to increase prior to and after economic and earnings announcements. Developments in technical analysis can also influence price momentum, market swings and trend continuation. And then, of course, there’s always the completely unforeseen event that throws the market completely out of whack. While a certain degree of price movement will always be random, these and countless other factors come together to create observable trading biases. In this note below, the author will focus on trends and reversal points in the intraday session, with the goal of identifying bullish and bearish biases that active traders can put to use in their trading.

Intraday Bias Studies

In this section of the paper, intraday price trends of the S&P 500 Index are spotlighted using data as far back as 1987. Some of this information was conveyed in the March 8, 2011 Analysis Concepts paper, “Mapping the Intraday Price Movement in the S&P 500 Index” (http://www.tradestation.com/education/labs/analysis-concepts/mapping-int...). In this paper, a similar study is constructed from a finer interval resolution (60 minute increments) with a variation in the construction of return calculations. Another difference is that basic plus (+) and minus (-) signs are used to depict whether the hour was positive or negative in percentage terms. This creates a clearer visual representation of the hourly trends that makes them easier to identify. All results are created from average returns; these average returns are calculated on an hourly interval but are generated from 30-minute bars between 10 a.m. and 4 p.m., which includes pre- and post-market trading (price changes from the 4 p.m. bar to the 10 a.m. bar).

At first glance in Table 2 (below), what stands out is the number of positive periods at the 10 o’clock hour and in the 4 p.m. hour, with the bulk of the returns from the 10 a.m. hour coming from the pre-market session. The actual return from 9:30 a.m. to 10 a.m. is positive, though Table 2 also shows a bullish bias in the 4 p.m. hour as stocks make their way to the close. Going back to 1987, 21 of 25 occurrences had average returns that were positive for the 4 p.m. interval. Also of interest is the weakness that typically occurs in the 11 a.m. hour (10 a.m. to 11 a.m.). Again, for data going back to 1987, there were 18 occurrences where returns were negative for this interval. The market seems, on average, to take a breather in the 11 a.m. hour after its initial morning run-up. Another interesting statistic is that if stocks close higher on average into the 3 p.m. hour, their probability of moving higher into the 4 p.m. close is 70%.




Next, going back to September 11, 1984, trading biases in the S&P 500 Index intraday session are analyzed during longer-term bullish and bearish market cycles. As mentioned earlier, what really stands out in the data is a positive bias in the 4 p.m. hour of each bullish and bearish market cycle. Also, notice the positive and negative biases in the 10 a.m. hour, correlated to each bull and bear market cycle. Additionally, note that three of four bear market cycles had a negative bias on average from the 10 a.m. hour into the 2 p.m. hour.




Bull and Bear Market Intraday Return Relationships


Depending on how one categorizes them, the markets can experience cyclical periods of bull and bear runs for various lengths of time. A more traditional approach is to classify these events in percentage terms. Therefore, the rule applied here states that if the market advances or declines by more than 20 percent, this will constitute a bull or bear move. Price movement of this magnitude is recognized by many financial market professionals as a change in market cycle.


 


Figure 7 (above) represents the compounded total return of the S&P 500 Index for the first, second, and third periods (9:30 to 11:40, 11:40 to 1:50, and 1:50 to 4:00) of the trading session within each successive bull and bear market from 9/1/1983 to the present time. In analyzing the data, the information is evident. First, the 9/1/1983 to 8/21/1987 and 12/4/1987 to 3/24/2000 bull markets, which occurred in the first two decades of the data, had most of their returns formulated from the last third of the trading session (1:50 to 4:00). At the same time, the 10/4/2002 to 10/12/2007 bull market, along with the current one, have had greater returns occur in the first third of the day's session (9:30 to 11:40).

 

In Figure 8 (above), we can see that in bull markets, the positive returns that the market experiences on average come from all three periods of the intraday session. However, the returns are highest in the first (24.33 percent) and third (74.52 percent) periods, with the second period still being positive at 14.44 percent. We should point out the return impact of the 268.84 percent in the third period of the 12/4/1987 to 3/24/2000 bull market. Even if we cut this number down by some factor, the returns are still significant for this period.
 
As we look at the sequence of returns in bear markets, they are also very interesting. They typically start with painful selling in the first third of trading, as Figure 9 (above) illustrates. The average bear market return shows that from the 9:30 to 11:40 period, the return was -29.69 percent. In bear market cycles, however, the market selling becomes less pronounced as the day progresses. The second period of trading returned -9.60 percent on average, while the third period returned -1.07 percent on average.  

So in bear market cycles, there seems to be some good opportunity to either short early in the first third of the trading session or buy on weakness somewhere in the last third of the session

2012年7月29日星期日

全球著名CEO們最愛讀的書籍

全球著名CEO們最愛讀的書籍

CEO是經濟圈內最忙的一群人,但這並不意味著他們就沒時間看書(電子書)。他們都愛看哪些書呢?有些喜歡閱讀商業書籍,從中汲取靈感﹔也有人偏愛小說或科幻故事。  
  可口可樂CEO穆泰康 《貨幣的上升:世界金融史》  前微軟CEO比爾﹒蓋茨(Bill Gates) 《麥田守望者》

  溫弗瑞電視網絡CEO奧普拉﹒溫弗瑞(Oprah Winfrey) 《殺死一衹知更鳥(50周年紀念版)
  蘋果CEO蒂姆﹒庫克(Tim Cook) 《與時間競爭》

  1.亞馬遜CEO傑夫﹒貝佐斯(Jeff Bezos)

  美國最大虛擬書店亞馬遜及Kindle電子書創始人傑夫﹒貝佐斯接受FastCompany網站采訪時,稱其一般每月購買十本書。他最愛的兩本書是Jim CollinsJerry Porras所著的商業書《基業長青》(Built to Last: Successful Habits of Visionary Companies)以及石黑一雄(Kazuo Ishiguro)所寫的小說《長日將盡》(The Remains of the Day)

  09年與新聞週刊的一次采訪中,貝佐斯曾說道:“《長日將盡》是我最喜歡的書之一。如果妳去讀一讀,妳會發現自己會情不自禁的停下來想想。我剛花了十小時的時間去體現書中他人的生活,從中我體會到生活與悔恨。”

  2.Zappos網站CEO謝家華(Tony Hsieh )

  鞋類服飾電子銷售網站Zappos.comCEO謝家華在2010年的時候曾告訴《今日美國》,其最愛書籍之一便是由Dave Logan,John KingHalee Fischer-Wright合著的《組群領導:借助自然群體打造一支有活力的團隊》( Tribal Leadership: Leveraging Natural Groups to Build a Thriving Organization)

  他說道:“《組群領導》這本書談到了我們出於本能所正在做的這些事,而且還為所有公司將公司文化推向更高水準提供了一個很好的框架。”他還提到其他諸如Chip Conley寫的《高峰: 如何創造一流業績並自我管理公司》(Peak: How Great Companies Get Their Mojo from Maslow)以及Jonathan Haidt所寫的《幸福假設:在古代智慧中尋找現代真理》(The Happiness Hypothesis: Finding Modern Truth in Ancient Wisdom)等書籍。

  3.可口可樂CEO穆泰康(Muhtar Kent)

  Kent最近告訴Fox財經新聞說他最喜歡的一本書是Niall Ferguson寫的《貨幣的上升:世界金融史》(The Ascent of Money: A Financial History of the World)。這是本紀實文學,記錄金融系統的演變。他說道:“我喜歡有關經濟觀察類的書籍。這是最好的一本。”

  4.AT&T 公司CEO Randall Stephenson

  Stephenson告訴Scouting Magazine雜誌,他最愛的書是19世紀俄國小說家陀思妥耶夫斯基(Fyodor Dostoyevsky)的最後一本小說《卡拉馬佐夫兄弟》(The Brothers Karamazov)

  5.前微軟CEO比爾﹒蓋茨(Bill Gates)

  蓋茨多次將J.D。塞林格的《麥田守望者》列為自己最愛的小說。在一次與非盈利組織“成就協會”的采訪中,他說道:“我直到13歲時才開始讀《麥田守望者》,從那時開始我就一直說這是我最愛的一本書。”

  “這本書充滿睿智。它承認年輕人有些迷茫,但對於事情也會變得很睿智,而且能看到成年人所看不到的東西。所以我一直很喜歡這本書。”

  6.溫弗瑞電視網絡CEO奧普拉﹒溫弗瑞(Oprah Winfrey)

  溫弗瑞曾說,哈珀﹒李(Harper Lee)所寫的《殺死一衹知更鳥(50周年紀念版)》是她最愛的書。瑪麗﹒麥克唐納﹒墨菲(Mary McDonagh Murphy)甚至在她為這本書撰寫的一本紀實小說中專門提到了溫弗瑞。

  溫弗瑞在《巴爾的摩太陽報》的報導中曾說道:“我記得以前讀這本書,然後去學校上課就一個勁不停的討論書中的故事。我大概是在八、九年級讀的,然後一直在給其他同學推薦這本書。所以說,現在我主持個讀書會也是很合情理的,因為我可能從這本書開始就學會給別人推薦了。”

  7.巴克萊銀行(Barclays)CEO Bob Diamond

  Diamond 告訴Fox財經新聞說,他最愛的一本書是Anthony SeldonGuy Lodge所寫的《Brown at 10》。這是本紀實小說,寫的是戈登﹒布朗作為英國首相時候的故事。Diamond稱這段時間是戰後最動蕩的年代。

  8.摩根大通CEO詹姆斯﹒迪蒙(Jamie Dimon)

  去年迪蒙給他的實習生們發了一份清單,上面是他最喜歡的25本書。大部分是經濟類和歷史類的著作。這些書包括Thomas Friedman寫的《世界是平的》(The World is Flat)Gary Wills的《葛底斯堡的林肯:重塑美國的話語》以及Bill Bryson所寫的《萬物簡史》(A Short History of Nearly Everything)

  9.Facebook CEO 馬克﹒紮克伯格(Mark Zuckerberg)

  據2010年紐約客(New Yorker)的一篇人物介紹,紮克伯格在其個人臉譜頁面上曾寫著奧森﹒斯科特﹒卡德(Orson Scott Card)成長科幻小說《安德的遊戲》(Ender\'s Game),而紮克伯格在隨後的文章中說這並不是他最愛的一本書,而是更喜歡經典希臘小說維吉爾的《埃涅阿斯記》

  10.摩根士丹利CEO傑姆斯﹒戈爾曼(James Gorman)

  戈爾曼告訴彭博市場雜誌,他平時閒暇時間最愛做的事情之一就是讀約翰﹒勒卡雷(John le Carr )的間諜小說。勒卡雷的作品有《鍋匠,裁縫,士兵,間諜》(Tinker Tailor Soldier Spy)以及《柏林諜影》(The Spy Who Came in From the Cold)

  11.埃克森美孚(ExxonMobil)CEO雷克斯﹒蒂爾納森(Rex Tillerson)

  蒂爾納森對Scouting Magazine雜誌稱,其最愛的書是艾茵﹒蘭德(Ayn Rand )所著的《聳肩的阿特拉斯》(Atlas Shrugged)。據美國國會圖書館和每月讀書會共同開展的一項調查顯示,這本書是對美國的影響力僅次於《聖經》。

  12.日產(Nissan)CEO卡洛斯﹒戈恩(Carlos.Ghosn)

  戈恩對Fox財經新聞稱,他最愛的一本書是本哈德﹒施林克(Bernhard_Schlink)的《朗讀者》(The Reader)。講述的是二戰後,德國的一位少年和大他兩倍的一位中年女子的忘年戀。戈恩說道:“是我兒子給我看的,我很喜歡。”

  13.通用磨坊CEO肯﹒鮑威爾(Ken Powell)

  據Fox財經新聞,鮑威爾說他喜歡喬納森﹒弗蘭岑(Jonathan Franzen)寫的所有書。弗蘭岑的作品有《自由》(Freedom: A Novel)和《糾正》(The Corrections)等。“他是個了不起的作家。”鮑威爾說道。

  14.美國投資公司Cantor Fitzgerald CEO霍華德? 魯特尼克(Howard Lutnick)

  據與Fox財經新聞的一次采訪,魯特尼克最喜愛的書是普利策獎得主記者J.R. Moehringer所寫的《溫柔酒吧:回憶錄》(The Tender Bar: A Memoir)。“這是一個發生在妳絕對想不到的地方的故事,非常令人振奮。”

  15.IMAX CEO 理查﹒葛爾方(Richard Gelfond)

  據Fox財經新聞,葛爾方最愛的書是《生命》(滾石音樂家Keith Richards的自傳)。“那傢伙有著別人所沒有的極為不拘一格的有趣生活。”

  16.彭博公司前CEO 邁克爾﹒布隆伯格(Michael Bloomberg)

  據紐約時報最近一篇關於布隆伯格拜訪布朗克斯區一所中學英語課的文章,布隆伯格和根士丹利CEO傑姆斯﹒戈爾曼一樣,也是約翰﹒勒卡雷(John le Carr )間諜小說的粉絲。對勒卡雷的《榮譽學生》(The Honourable Schoolboy),布隆伯格說:“它有600頁,大部分是在描寫,幾乎沒有什麼事情發生。但它卻引人入勝。”

  17.伯克希爾哈撒韋(Berkshire-Hathaway)CEO沃倫﹒巴菲特(Warren Buffett)

  在伯克希爾哈撒韋2003年年報中,巴菲特向投資者們推薦了一些自己鐘愛的書目。像瑪吉。馬哈爾(Maggie Mahar) 的《大牛市》(Bull)、本瑟尼?麥克裏恩和彼得﹒艾爾金德寫的《房間裏最聰明的人: 安然公司是怎樣破產的》(The Smartest Guys in the Room: The Amazing Rise and Scandalous Fall of Enron)以及羅伯特﹒魯賓和雅各﹒韋斯伯格所著的《在不確定的世界:從華爾街到華盛頓的艱難選擇》(In an Uncertain World: Tough Choices from Wall Street to Washington)

  18.特朗普地產CEO唐納德﹒特朗普(Donald Trump)

  據ShortList Magazine 雜誌,特朗普將諾曼﹒文森特﹒皮爾的《正面思考的力量》列為自己最喜歡的書。這本書在特朗普欠了幾十億美元外債,處於人生最低谷的時候激勵了他。

  他曾對《今日心理學》說:“我父親是諾曼﹒文森特﹒皮爾的朋友,我也讀了皮爾最出名的著作《正面思考的力量》。我是個謹慎的樂觀主義者,但也十分相信保持正面積極有著強大力量。我認為這很有用。我不想有任何的負面想法,即使情況可能不妙。這是個很好的經驗教訓,因為這讓我成功勝利過。這是個不錯的選擇。”

  19.Oracle公司(甲骨文)CEO 拉裏﹒埃裏森(Larry Ellision)

  埃裏森對《成就》說,他喜歡很多書。但他最近剛讀完溫森特。克羅寧撰寫的《拿破侖傳》,而且非常喜歡。“讀拿破侖有趣有好幾個原因:能看到一個出生平庸的人一生能有何作為以及歷史是如何完全扭曲事實的。”

  20.蘋果CEO蒂姆﹒庫克(Tim Cook)

  蒂姆﹒庫克是喬治?斯托克所著的《與時間競爭》的忠實粉絲。這本書說的是如何使用供應鏈來取得戰略優勢。事實上,他還會給同事們分發這本書。

  21.維珍航空(Virgin)CEO 理查﹒布蘭森(Richard Branson)

  布蘭森在他寫的書Screw It, Let\'s Do It 裏寫道,他最愛的書是安東尼﹒比弗寫的《斯大林格勒》和旅英華裔作家張戎的《野天鵝》。

  納爾遜﹒曼德拉的《漫漫自由路》(Long Walk to Freedom)也曾給他很大的靈感和啟發。小時候,他最喜歡的書是《燕子和鸚鵡》(Swallows and Amazons)。他說那是一本不錯的兒童冒險故事書。